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style=""><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></h1> <h1 style="margin: 5pt 49.8pt 5pt 42.55pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">APRENDIENDO DEL PASADO<o:p></o:p></span></h1> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">La divulgación de esta serie  Hoy Hace circuló en el 2004 y se adquirió compromiso con los lectores de publicarse en este número el consolidado de las disertaciones que se hicieron en ese año.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">La historia debe estar presente en todo lo relacionado a la humanidad,  Hoy Hace pretende informar a la gente sobre aspectos básicos e importantes de los desastres ocurridos en el ámbito nacional.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">El resumen de algunos eventos importantes, buscan preservar la memoria colectiva que a veces tiende a olvidarse y se constituya como fuente de consulta rápida y básica sobre los mismos.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">También lo pasado le permite a los especialistas mejorar sobre la gestión del riesgo por desastre y tengan bases que los fundamenten para evolucionar en este campo.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <h1 style="margin: 5pt 49.8pt 5pt 42.55pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">HOY HACE& <o:p></o:p></span></h1> <h1 style="margin: 5pt 49.8pt 5pt 42.55pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">54 AÑOS DEL TERREMOTO DE NICOYA: UN TERREMOTO PARA RECORDAR Y UNA OPORTUNIDAD PARA ACTUAR<o:p></o:p></span></h1> <h2 style="margin: 5pt 49.8pt 5pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Carlos Montero Jeannette Arauz <span class="SpellE">OVSICORI</span>-UNA<o:p></o:p></span></h2> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Hace 54 años en un día como hoy ocurrió, en horas de la mañana, un terremoto en la Península de Nicoya. Este evento ha sido uno de los más significativos para la sismología del país, y tuvo lugar el 5 de octubre de 1950, como producto de la subducción de la placa de Coco bajo la del Caribe, alcanzó una magnitud de 7.7 en la escala de Richter, es el terremoto de mayor magnitud registrado en Costa Rica en el siglo XX. Eventos similares a este habían sucedido ya, en los años 1853 y 1900, en períodos de aproximadamente cada 50 años.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Este terremoto provocó un fuerte levantamiento a lo largo de la costa oeste de la península de Nicoya, entre Cabo Velas al noreste y Cabo Blanco al sureste. En este sentido, hay relatos<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">de los vecinos señalando el levantamiento de la costa en alrededor de un metro entre Sámara y <span class="SpellE">Nosara</span> (Marshall y Brenes, 1989; Marshall y Anderson, 1995, citado por Protti, 2001) p. 48,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; line-height: 13pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">p. 73.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Otro efecto que caracterizó este terremoto fue la generación de un pequeño tsunami, observado en la costa oeste de la península, se estima que la altura máxima alcanzada por las olas fue de entre 2 y 4 metros. Hay relatos de los lugareños acerca del impacto del tsunami en sus actividades diarias de cabotaje de productos agrícolas hacia Puntarenas, y por los que habitaban en las cercanías de la desembocadura de los ríos.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Según informes de los periódicos de la época, hubo importantes daños en la ciudad de Puntarenas, la ciudad más grande, cercana al evento; daños considerables en la ciudad de Nicoya; Esparza y Alajuela, y daños menores en San José y Cartago producto de la caída de objetos de estantes y agrietamientos.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Por ejemplo, en el periódico la Nación se reportó que Puntarenas sufrió deslizamientos, calles agrietadas, daños en edificios, ruptura de cañerías y caída de postes del tendido eléctrico; en tanto que en Nicoya se estimó un 45% de las casas inhabitables y un grave daño a la iglesia parroquial, entre otros efectos.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/> </v:formulas> <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/> <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="Imagen_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:374.25pt;height:287.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="doc308-contenido_archivos/image001.emz" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="doc308-contenido_archivos/image002.png" v:shapes="Imagen_x0020_2" height="383" width="499"><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Una de las razones por las cuales se estudia con detenimiento esta zona y el comportamiento sísmico actual, es la de aprovechar la oportunidad de provocar acciones de prevención del riesgo en una región con potencial para que se produzca otro sismo importante tal y como ocurrió hace 54 años.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <h2 style="margin: 5pt 49.8pt 5pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Fuentes consultadas:<o:p></o:p></span></h2> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Montero, Carlos, Serra, María <span class="SpellE">Fernanada</span> y Rodríguez, Henry. <b>Escenario comparativo de un terremoto en la Península de Nicoya. </b>Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica (<span class="SpellE">OVSICORI</span>-UNA). 1999.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Protti, M., <span class="SpellE">Güendell</span>, F., <span class="SpellE">Malavassi</span>, E. <b>Evaluación del potencial sísmico de la Península de Nicoya. </b>1ª. Edición, Heredia,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span class="SpellE"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">C.R</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">. <span class="SpellE">EFUNA</span>, 2001.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 49.8pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> </div> </body></html>