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ga('create', 'UA-79378845-1', 'auto'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> <div class="WordSection1"> <h4 style="margin: 5pt 46.9pt 5pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></h4> <h4 style="margin: 5pt 46.9pt 5pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></h4> <h4 style="margin: 5pt 46.9pt 5pt 42.55pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">EROSIÓN EN LAS COSTAS DE COSTA RICA, UN PROBLEMA DE TODOS<o:p></o:p></span></h4> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class="s5" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Phd. Omar Lizano-CIMAR-UCR M.Sc. Alejandro Gutiérrez-IOI-UNA CAT Marino Costero, CNE<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class="s6" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Introducción<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="s6" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Con los niveles actuales del nivel del mar, la comunidad científica internacional ha declarado que la mayoría de los bordes costeros mundiales están en estado de erosión. Islas y cayos en el Océano Pacífico han sido declarados en riesgo de inundación por el aumento del nivel del mar.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Esto es producto del llamado cambio climático global, en el que el derretimiento de los casquetes polares y la expansión térmica del agua, generan cada vez más con el aumento de los niveles del mar. Pero, también hay otras componentes oceánicas y atmosféricas que están cambiando. Se sabe que en algunas regiones está aumentando la velocidad de los vientos y la intensidad de los ciclones; lo que implica un aumento en las alturas de las olas en las playas y con ello una mayor dinámica de sedimentos.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">El fenómeno de El Niño es otro componente oceánico que produce un aumento en el nivel del mar, y junto con las mareas astronómicas (producidas por la luna y el sol), produce las acciones necesarias para que el oleaje inicie, continúe o acelere los procesos de erosión en una playa. El mayor desastre costero se puede generar cuando estos fenómenos se superponen. En el pasado, la frecuencia con que esto ha sucedido es baja. Pero esto está cambiando. Cada vez es más frecuente la presencia de estos fenómenos simultáneos: El Niño, mareas extraordinarias, tormentas, oleajes extraordinarios.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Otro fenómeno que no debe descartarse de nuestras costas y que podría igualmente afectar, es la posibilidad de un tsunami, el escenario podría resultar catastrófico para nuestras regiones costeras. La tectónica de placas igualmente genera una geodinámica costera que juega un papel importante en estos procesos, pues contribuye con hundimientos o levantamientos en la costa. Esto también produce cambios en las corrientes marinas y en el transporte de sedimentos, y que a su vez produce cambios en los niveles del mar.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Pero no solo han ocurrido cambios en los procesos oceánicos, sino, también, en el uso del suelo. El mal manejo de las cuencas hidrográficas ha cambiado la cantidad y la calidad de los sedimentos que llegan al mar. Los cambios de uso del suelo en las zonas costeras también han contribuido con la degradación de los ambientes marino-costeros y con él se ha eliminado el efecto amortiguador ante los fenómenos ocurridos mar adentro.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class="s7" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Los procesos de erosión en Costa Rica<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="s7" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Inspecciones de campo realizadas en los últimos años 20 años por investigadores del Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR) de la Universidad de Costa Rica en las distintas playas de país, han revelado procesos de erosión en la mayoría de las playas del Pacífico de Costa Rica, especialmente en los últimos 5 años, así como también en algunos sitios de nuestro litoral Caribe. Este fenómeno se acentúa más durante los ciclos de las mareas extraordinarias (cada 4-5 años) o en conjunción con otras componentes oceánicas, como el aumento del nivel del mar, el Fenómeno de El Niño, tormentas locales y remotas, entre otras.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class="s8" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Imagen No. 1 Sitios Afectados por erosión costera en Costa Rica<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; line-height: 173pt;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/> </v:formulas> <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/> <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0032_1_x0020_Imagen" o:spid="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="Dibujo.JPG" style='width:366.75pt;height:4in;visibility:visible; mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="doc703-contenido_archivos/image001.jpg" o:title="Dibujo"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="doc703-contenido_archivos/image001.jpg" alt="Dibujo.JPG" v:shapes="_x0032_1_x0020_Imagen" height="384" width="489"><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class="s5" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Fuente: González G. Carmen, 2010<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class="s6" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Pacífico Norte. </span><span class="p1"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Se ha encontrado erosión evidente en Playa Guiones, Carrillo, Sámara, Nosara, Ostional, Pitaya, Lagarto, Junquillal y Tamarindo. Estudios de la Universidad Nacional en Playa Guiones demuestran que el proceso de subducción de la placa Cocos en la Caribe está basculando (hundiendo) la costa, lo que constituiría uno de los factores principales del aumento del nivel del mar en esta región.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="s6" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class="s6" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Pacífico Central. </span><span class="p1"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">En la mayoría de las playas abiertas (no dentro de bahías o golfos) del Pacífico Central se encuentran evidencias de erosión. Se han observado problemas en Playa Hermosa, Playa Bejuco, Esterillos, Playa Bandera, Isla Palo Seco, Isla Damas y Playa Espadilla en Quepos. En playas cerradas, como en Playa Herradura y Playa Jacó, el proceso de erosión no es tan evidente, pues no hay pérdida de sedimentos hacia afuera de las bahías. Problemas severos de erosión se han observado en Playa Azul, Tárcoles, pero estos están más bien ligados a cambios en la salida del Río Tárcoles.</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="s12" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span class="s51"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif; font-style: normal;">Imagen No. 2 Playa Azul, Tárcoles a aumento del nivel del mar.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="s12" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span class="s51"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif; font-style: normal;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Imagen_x0020_4" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:258pt;height:174pt; visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="doc703-contenido_archivos/image002.jpg" o:title="Image_012"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="doc703-contenido_archivos/image002.jpg" v:shapes="Imagen_x0020_4" height="232" width="344"><!--[endif]--></span></span><span class="s51"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif; font-style: normal;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="s12" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span class="s51"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif; font-style: normal;">Fuente: Lizano, </span></span><span class="s51"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Omar, 2010<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="s12" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span class="s51"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif; font-style: normal;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></p> <p class="s12" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span class="s51"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif; font-style: normal;">Imagen No. 3 Isla Palo Seco<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="s10" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style=""><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Imagen_x0020_5" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:257.25pt;height:174pt; visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="doc703-contenido_archivos/image003.jpg" o:title="Image_013"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="doc703-contenido_archivos/image003.jpg" v:shapes="Imagen_x0020_5" height="232" width="343"><!--[endif]--></span></p> <p class="s12" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span class="s51"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Fuente: Gutierrez, Alejandro, 2010</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="s10" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class="s6" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Pacífico Sur. </span><span class="p1"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Las playas desde Punta Burica hasta el interior del Golfo Dulce: Punta Banco, Pavones, Playa Langostino y Playa Zancudo muestran problemas de erosión. En esta última hay frecuentes inundaciones e impacto del oleaje durante las mareas extraordinarias. Al otro lado de la Península de Osa, los cambios en la desembocadura del Térraba se han hecho evidentes en el pasado. También se notan cambios en los sectores de Sierpe-Térraba, evidenciando aumento de la energía del oleaje y la pérdida de la cobertura del manglar, asociado esto<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="s10" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class="s10" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Mar Caribe. </span><span class="p1"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Se ha observado erosión en la desembocadura del río Pacuare. En los últimos años se observado una erosión acelerada en Puerto Vargas. Se evidencia una etapa previa a la erosión en Puerto Viejo, Playa Cocles y Playa Manzanillo.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="s10" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Ante este escenario se ha llegado a las siguientes conclusiones:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="s5" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif; font-style: normal;">1. La mayoría de la costa del Pacífico de Costa Rica está experimentado un proceso de erosión, asociada a fenómenos superpuestos de mareas astronómicas, El Niño, oleaje alto y hundimiento de las costas, entre otros. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="s5" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif; font-style: normal;">2. Las playas de mayor erosión son aquellas más fácilmente alcanzadas por el oleaje fuerte como consecuencia de su posición frente a mar abierto, no dentro de bahías o golfos, donde la energía del oleaje es menor. Algunas no presentan erosión evidente, porque tienen fuentes de sedimentos (quebradas, ríos o riachuelos) en sus riberas, o porque son muy cerradas y no tienen pérdida de sedimentos. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="s5" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif; font-style: normal;">3. Muchos residentes costeros en el Pacífico insisten en que el mar empezó a invadir la línea costera desde hace 50 años. Tanto en Sámara como en Playa Azul (Tárcoles), los residentes señalan que el mar se retiró y ahora está volviendo a su antiguo nivel en esta región. Esta dinámica puede estar asociada a movimientos tectónicos, los cuales producen variaciones del nivel del mar.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="s5" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif; font-style: normal;">4. Siendo evidente la dinámica de nuestras costas, y la poca disponibilidad de información científica, urge un estudio más detallado, playa por playa, que permita determinar el estado de erosión o progresión de éstas. Por tanto, deben involucrarse a los municipios, Estado, empresa privada y comunidades, para que un plan integrado considere: <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 78.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><span style="">1.<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Siendo evidente la dinámica de nuestras costas, y la poca disponibilidad de información científica, urge un estudio más detallado, playa por playa, que permita determinar el estado de erosión o progresión de éstas. Por tanto, deben involucrarse a los municipios, Estado, empresa privada y comunidades, para que un plan integrado considere:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 78.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><span style="">2.<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Un monitoreo permanente en algunas zonas donde la erosión es acelerada, especialmente en algunas flechas de arena muy sensibles a los impactos costeros;<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 78.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><span style="">3.<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Las políticas de manejo de aquellas cuencas hidrográficas que mantienen las fuentes de sedimentos hacia las costas;<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 78.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><span style="">4.<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">La sensibilización de la población acerca de los procesos oceánicos que se avecinan;<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 78.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><span style="">5.<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Concientizar a la población en general, y especialmente a las costeras, sobre la condición dinámica de la zona marítimo-terrestre.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class="s7" style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Lista de instituciones que conforman el Comité Asesor técnico Marino-Costero:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), -UCR<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Instituto Costarricense de Pesca y Acuicultura (INCOPESCA)<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Ministerio de Obras Públicas y Transportes (MOPT)<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Comisión Interinstitucional De Marinas Y Atracaderos Turísticos (CIMAT) del Instituto Costarricense de Turismo (ICT)<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">El Instituto Internacional del Océano (IOI)-UNA<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Servicio Nacional de Guardacostas del Ministerio de Gobernación, Policía y Seguridad Pública (MSP)<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Escuela de Geografía-UCR<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Escuela de Geografía UNA<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Escuela de Biología-UCR<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm 46.9pt 0.0001pt 42.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol;"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;">Comisión Nacional de Prevención de Riesgos y Atención de Emergencias (CNE).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin-right: 46.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin-right: 46.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin-right: 46.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin-right: 46.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin-right: 46.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style="margin-right: 46.9pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> </div> </body></html>